Django-站点管理

概述

  • **内容发布:**负责添加、修改、删除内容,开发这些重复的功能是一件非常没有意义的事情,并且缺乏创造力。Django会根据定义的模型类来自动生成管理模块
  • 公共访问

配置Admin应用

  • 默认已经配置:'django.contrib.admin',

创建管理员用户

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python manage.py createsuperuser

按顺序输入用户名、邮箱、密码

登陆

  • 启动服务
  • 在浏览器地址栏输入
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    http://127.0.0.1:8000/admin

    输入账号和密码

配置中文显示

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LANGUAGE_CODE = 'zh-Hans'

TIME_ZONE = 'Asia/Shanghai'

修改settings.py文件

管理表数据

  • 将要管理的表添加到应用目录下的admin.py文件中进行注册

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    from django.contrib import admin

    # 引入要管理的模型类
    from myApp.models import Student, Grade

    # Register your models here.
    admin.site.register(Student)
    admin.site.register(Grade)

自定义管理界面

  • ModelAdmin类

    • 是模型在Admin界面中的表现形式,通过定义ModelAdmin子类来定义模型在Admin界面的显示方式(admin.py)

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      from django.contrib import admin

      # 引入要管理的模型类
      from myApp.models import Student, Grade


      # Register your models here.
      @admin.register(Student)
      class StudentAdmin(admin.ModelAdmin):
      def sex(self):
      if self.sex:
      return "男"
      else:
      return "女"

      sex.short_description = "性别"
      # 列表页属性
      list_display = ["pk", "name", "age", sex, "grade", "content", "isDelete"]
      list_filter = ["grade", "age"]
      search_fields = ["name"]
      list_per_page = 10
      # 执行动作框的位置
      actions_on_top = False
      actions_on_bottom = True

      # 添加、修改页属性
      # fields = ["name", "age", "sex", "grade", "content", "isDelete"]
      fieldsets = [
      ("base", {"fields": ["name", "age", "sex"]}),
      ("more", {"fields": ["grade", "content", "isDelete"]}),
      ]


      # admin.site.register(Student, StudentAdmin)


      class StudentInLine(admin.TabularInline):
      model = Student
      extra = 2


      @admin.register(Grade)
      class GradeAdmin(admin.ModelAdmin):
      inlines = [StudentInLine]
      list_display = ["pk", "name", "boyNum", "girlNum", "isDelete"]
      list_filter = ["name"]
      search_fields = ["name"]
      list_per_page = 10
      fields = ["name", "boyNum", "girlNum", "isDelete"]
      # admin.site.register(Grade, GradeAdmin)
  • 属性说明

    • 列表页属性
      • list_display:显示字段,可以点击进行排序
      • list_filter:过滤字段,过滤框出现在页面右侧
      • search_fields:搜索字段,搜索框会出现在列表上方
      • list_per_page:分页显示,确定每页有多少条数据
      • actions_on_top:执行动作框是否显示在上方
      • actions_on_bottom:执行动作框是否显示在下方
    • 添加、修改页属性
      • fields:属性排列顺序
      • fieldsets:属性分组,各组进行排序
      • 注意:以上两个属性不能同时使用
  • 关联对象(在添加班级的时候可以直接添加几个学生)

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    class StudentInLine(admin.TabularInline):
    model = Student
    extra = 2
    class GradeAdmin(admin.ModelAdmin):
    inlines = [StudentInLine]
    list_display = ["pk", "name", "boyNum", "girlNum", "isDelete"]
    list_filter = ["name"]
    search_fields = ["name"]
    list_per_page = 10
    fields = ["name", "boyNum", "girlNum", "isDelete"]
    admin.site.register(Grade, GradeAdmin)
  • 布尔值的显示问题

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    @admin.register(Student)
    class StudentAdmin(admin.ModelAdmin):
    def sex(self):
    if self.sex:
    return "男"
    else:
    return "女"

    sex.short_description = "性别"
    # 列表页属性
    list_display = ["pk", "name", "age", sex, "grade", "content", "isDelete"]
  • 执行动作框的位置

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    @admin.register(Student)
    class StudentAdmin(admin.ModelAdmin):
    def sex(self):
    if self.sex:
    return "男"
    else:
    return "女"

    sex.short_description = "性别"
    # 列表页属性
    list_display = ["pk", "name", "age", sex, "grade", "content", "isDelete"]
    list_filter = ["grade", "age"]
    search_fields = ["name"]
    list_per_page = 10
    # 执行动作框的位置
    actions_on_top = False
    actions_on_bottom = True
  • 使用装饰器进行注册

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    @admin.register(Student)
    class StudentAdmin(admin.ModelAdmin):
    def sex(self):

重写模板

  • templates目录下创建名为admin的目录
  • 找到默认模板的路径
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    C:\Users\xlg\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python36\Lib\site-packages\django\contrib\admin\templates\admin
  • 将想要修改的模板复制到自己模板目录下的admin目录下就可以进行自定义修改
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    {% extends "admin/base.html" %}

    {% block title %}{{ title }} | {{ site_title|default:_('Django site admin') }}{% endblock %}

    {% block branding %}
    <h1 id="site-name"><a href="{% url 'admin:index' %}">{{ site_header|default:_('Django administration') }}</a></h1>
    <h1>sunck is a good man</h1>
    {% endblock %}

    {% block nav-global %}{% endblock %}

    base_site.html

Xadmin

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